Engineer Cafe: ENGINEERING CODE

Typical weights of building materials

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<span style="color: black;"><br /><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b>Most common materials:</b></u></span></span></div>
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<em style="position: relative;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Material</span></em></div>
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<em style="position: relative;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Description</span></em></div>
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<em style="position: relative;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Weight in kN/m2 U.N.O.</span></em></div>
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Blockwork<br />
Brickwork<br />
Concrete<br />
Glass<br />
Steel<br />
Timber</div>
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Lightweight<br />
London stock<br />
Normal reinforcement<br />
Clear float<br />
Mild<br />
Softwood</div>
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10 kN/m3<br />
19 kN/m3<br />
24 kN/m3<br />
25 kN/m3<br />
78 kN/m3<br />
6 kN/m3<br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Full list of materials:</span></span></div>
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<br />
<em style="position: relative;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Material</span></em></div>
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<br />
<em style="position: relative;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Description</span></em></div>
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<em style="position: relative;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Thickness/ </span></em><br />
<em style="position: relative;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">quantity of unit</span></em></div>
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<em style="position: relative;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Weight in kN/m2 U.N.O.</span></em></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> A</strong></span></div>
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Aggregate<br />
Aluminium<br />
<br />
<br />
Asphalt</div>
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<br />
Cast alloy<br />
Longstrip roofing<br />
Bronze<br />
Roofing - 2 layers<br />
Paving</div>
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<br />
<br />
0.8 mm<br />
<br />
25 mm</div>
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16 kN/m3<br />
27 kN/m3<br />
0.022<br />
76 kN/m3<br />
0.58<br />
21 kN/m3</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"> <strong>B</strong></span></div>
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Bituminous felt roofing<br />
Bitumen<br />
Blockboard<br />
Blockwork<br />
<br />
<br />
Books<br />
<br />
Brass<br />
Brickwork<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Bronze</div>
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3 layers and vapour barrier<br />
<br />
Sheet<br />
Aerated concrete<br />
Dense aggregate<br />
Lightweight<br />
On shelves<br />
Bulk<br />
Cast<br />
Blue<br />
Engineering<br />
Fletton<br />
London stock<br />
Sand lime<br />
Cast</div>
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<br />
<br />
18 mm</div>
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0.11<br />
11-13 kN/m3<br />
0.11<br />
5-9 kN/m3<br />
20 kN/m3<br />
7-14 kN/m3<br />
7 kN/m3<br />
8-11 kN/m3<br />
85 kN/m3<br />
24 kN/m3<br />
22 kN/m3<br />
18 kN/m3<br />
19 kN/m3<br />
21 kN/m3<br />
83 kN/m3</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"> <strong>C</strong></span></div>
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Cast stone<br />
Cement<br />
Chalk<br />
Chippboard<br />
<br />
<br />
Chippings<br />
Clay<br />
Concrete<br />
<br />
<br />
Coal<br />
Copper<br />
<br />
Cork</div>
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<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Sheet<br />
Sheet<br />
Flat roof finish<br />
Undisturbed<br />
Aerated<br />
Lightweight aggregate<br />
Normal reinforced<br />
Loose lump<br />
Cast<br />
Longstrip roofing<br />
Granulated</div>
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<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
18mm<br />
22mm<br />
1 layer<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
0.6 mm</div>
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23 kN/m3<br />
15 kN/m3<br />
22 kN/m3<br />
7 kN/m3<br />
0.12<br />
0.15<br />
0.05<br />
19 kN/m3<br />
10 kN/m3<br />
18 kN/m3<br />
24 kN/m3<br />
9 kN/m3<br />
87 kN/m3<br />
0.05<br />
1 kN/m3</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> F</strong></span></div>
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False ceiling<br />
Felt</div>
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Steel framing<br />
Roofing underlay<br />
Insulating<br />
3 layer plus chippings</div>
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<br />
<br />
50 mm</div>
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0.1<br />
0.015<br />
0.05<br />
0.35</div>
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<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <strong>G</strong></span></div>
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Glass<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Glass wool<br />
Gold<br />
Granite<br />
Gravel</div>
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Crushed/refuse<br />
Clear float<br />
Single glazing<br />
Double glazing<br />
Quilt<br />
<br />
<br />
Loose<br />
Undisturbed</div>
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<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
100 mm</div>
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16 kN/m3<br />
25 kN/m3<br />
0.3<br />
0.52<br />
0.01<br />
194 kN/m3<br />
27.3 kN/m3<br />
16 kN/m3<br />
21 kN/m3</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"> <strong>H</strong></span></div>
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Hardboard<br />
Hardcore<br />
Hardwood<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Hollow clay pot slabs</div>
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<br />
<br />
Greenheart<br />
Oak<br />
Iroko, teak<br />
Mahogany<br />
Including ribs & mortar (but not topping)</div>
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<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
300 mm thick overall<br />
100 mm thick overall</div>
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6-8 kN/m3<br />
19 kN/m3<br />
10 kN/m3<br />
8 kN/m3<br />
7 kN/m3<br />
6 kN/m3<br />
12 kN/m3<br />
15 kN/m3</div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> I</strong></span></div>
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Insulation<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Iron<br />
<br />
Ivory</div>
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Glass fibre<br />
Glass fibre<br />
Polystyrene<br />
Rockwool<br />
Cast<br />
Wrought</div>
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100 mm<br />
150 mm<br />
<br />
25 mm<br />
<br /></div>
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0.02<br />
0.03<br />
0.04<br />
0.01<br />
72 kN/m3<br />
77 kN/m3<br />
19 kN/m3</div>
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<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> L</strong></span></div>
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Lead<br />
<br />
<br />
Lime<br />
<br />
<br />
Linoleum</div>
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Cast<br />
Sheet<br />
Sheet<br />
Hydrate (bags)<br />
Lump/quick (powder)<br />
Mortar (putty)<br />
Sheet</div>
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<br />
1.8 mm<br />
3.2 mm<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
3.2 mm</div>
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114 kN/m3<br />
0.21<br />
0.36<br />
6 kN/m3<br />
10 kN/m3<br />
18 kN/m3<br />
0.05</div>
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<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> M</strong></span></div>
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Macadam<br />
Magnesium<br />
Metal roof cladding<br />
MDF<br />
Mercury<br />
Mortar<br />
Mud</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 250px;"><div class="paragraph">
Paving<br />
<br />
Alloys<br />
Sheet</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 137px;"><div class="wsite-spacer" style="height: 50px;">
</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 145px;"><div class="paragraph">
21 kN/m3<br />
18 kN/m3<br />
0.07<br />
8 kN/m3<br />
136 kN/m3<br />
17-18 kN/m3<br />
17-20 kN/m3</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> P</strong></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<div class="wsite-multicol" style="direction: ltr; position: relative;">
<div class="wsite-multicol-table-wrap" style="margin: 0px -15px;">
<table class="wsite-multicol-table" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 830px;"><tbody class="wsite-multicol-tbody">
<tr class="wsite-multicol-tr"><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 178px;"><div class="paragraph">
Partitions<br />
<br />
<br />
Patent glazing<br />
<br />
Pavement stones<br />
Peat<br />
Plaster<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Plastic<br />
Plywood<br />
<br />
<br />
Polystyrene<br />
Precast concrete</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 248px;"><div class="paragraph">
Plastered brick<br />
Medium dense plastered block<br />
Plaster board on timber stud<br />
Single glazed<br />
Double glazed<br />
Cast iron or concrete framed<br />
<br />
Plasterboard<br />
Plasterboard<br />
Wallboard and skim coat<br />
Lath and plaster<br />
Traditional lime plaster<br />
Traditional lath + plaster ceiling<br />
Plasterboard on timber stud<br />
Plastered brick 102 + 2 x 13mm<br />
Plastered medium density block<br />
Corrugated<br />
<br />
Sheet<br />
Sheet<br />
Expanded sheet<br />
Beam and block + 50 mm topping<br />
Hollowcore plank<br />
Hollowcore plank<br />
Hollowcore plank<br />
Solid plank plus 50 mm topping</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 140px;"><div class="paragraph">
102 + 2 x 13 mm<br />
100 + 2 x 13 mm<br />
100 + 2 x 13 mm<br />
<br />
<br />
100 mm<br />
<br />
12.5 mm<br />
19 mm<br />
13 mm<br />
19 mm<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
12.5 mm<br />
19 mm<br />
<br />
150-225 mm<br />
150 mm<br />
200 mm<br />
250-450 mm<br />
75-300 mm</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 144px;"><div class="paragraph">
2.6<br />
2.0<br />
0.35<br />
0.26-0.3<br />
0.52<br />
1.5<br />
11 kN/m3<br />
0.09<br />
0.15<br />
0.12<br />
0.25<br />
20 kN/m3<br />
0.5<br />
0.35<br />
2.6<br />
2.0<br />
0.04<br />
7 kN/m3<br />
0.08<br />
0.12<br />
0.2 kN/m3<br />
1.8-3.3<br />
2.4<br />
2.8<br />
3.7-5.5<br />
3.7-7.4</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> Q</strong></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<div class="wsite-multicol" style="direction: ltr; position: relative;">
<div class="wsite-multicol-table-wrap" style="margin: 0px -15px;">
<table class="wsite-multicol-table" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 830px;"><tbody class="wsite-multicol-tbody">
<tr class="wsite-multicol-tr"><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 178px;"><div class="paragraph">
Quarry tiles</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 249px;"><div class="paragraph">
Including mortar & bedding</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 138px;"><div class="paragraph">
12.5 mm</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 145px;"><div class="paragraph">
0.32</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> R</strong></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<div class="wsite-multicol" style="direction: ltr; position: relative;">
<div class="wsite-multicol-table-wrap" style="margin: 0px -15px;">
<table class="wsite-multicol-table" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 830px;"><tbody class="wsite-multicol-tbody">
<tr class="wsite-multicol-tr"><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 178px;"><div class="paragraph">
Raised floors<br />
<br />
<br />
Ribbed slab<br />
Roofing tiles</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 251px;"><div class="paragraph">
Heavy duty<br />
Medium weight<br />
Lightweight<br />
<br />
Clay - plain<br />
Clay pantile<br />
Concrete<br />
Slate</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 138px;"><div class="paragraph">
<br />
<br />
<br />
250-500 mm</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 143px;"><div class="paragraph">
0.5<br />
0.4<br />
0.3<br />
4.0-5.7<br />
0.77<br />
0.42<br />
0.51<br />
0.3</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <strong>S</strong></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<div class="wsite-multicol" style="direction: ltr; position: relative;">
<div class="wsite-multicol-table-wrap" style="margin: 0px -15px;">
<table class="wsite-multicol-table" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 830px;"><tbody class="wsite-multicol-tbody">
<tr class="wsite-multicol-tr"><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 178px;"><div class="paragraph">
Sand<br />
<br />
Screed<br />
<br />
<br />
Slate<br />
Snow<br />
<br />
Softwood<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Soils<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Stainless steel roofing<br />
Steel<br />
Stone<br />
    Granite<br />
<br />
    Limestone<br />
<br />
<br />
    Marble<br />
    Sandstone<br />
<br />
<br />
    Slate<br />
Suspended ceiling</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 249px;"><div class="paragraph">
Dry, loose<br />
Wet, compact<br />
Sand/cement<br />
<br />
<br />
Slab<br />
Fresh<br />
Wet, compacted<br />
<br />
T&G (Tongue and Groove)<br />
T&G (Tongue and Groove)<br />
Battens for slating & tiling<br />
25 mm T&G boards on 100x50 timber joists @ 400 crs<br />
25 mm T&G boards on 250x50 timber joists @ 400 crs<br />
Loose sand & gravels<br />
Dense sand & gravels<br />
Soft/firm clays & silts<br />
Stiff clays and silts<br />
Longstrip<br />
Mild<br />
<br />
Cornish (Cornwall)<br />
Rublislaw (Grampian)<br />
Bath (Wiltshire)<br />
Mansfield (Nottinghamshire)<br />
Portland (Dorset)<br />
Italian<br />
Bramley Fell (West Yorkshire)<br />
Forest of Dean (Gloucestershire)<br />
Dalrey Dale or Kerridge (Derbyshire)<br />
Welsh<br />
Aluminium<br />
Steel</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 139px;"><div class="paragraph">
<br />
<br />
<br />
50 mm<br />
75 mm<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
15.5 mm<br />
22 mm<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
0.4 mm<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 144px;"><div class="paragraph">
16 kN/m3<br />
19 kN/m3<br />
22 kN/m3<br />
1.15<br />
1.8<br />
28 kN/m3<br />
1 kN/m3<br />
3 kN/m3<br />
6 kN/m3<br />
0.09<br />
0.12<br />
0.03<br />
0.23<br />
<br />
0.33<br />
<br />
16 kN/m3<br />
22 kN/m3<br />
18 kN/m3<br />
21 kN/m3<br />
0.05<br />
78 kN/m3<br />
<br />
26 kN/m3<br />
25 kN/m3<br />
21 kN/m3<br />
22 kN/m3<br />
22 kN/m3<br />
27 kN/m3<br />
22 kN/m3<br />
24 kN/m3<br />
23-25 kN/m3<br />
28 kN/m3<br />
0.05<br />
0.1</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> T</strong></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<div class="wsite-multicol" style="direction: ltr; position: relative;">
<div class="wsite-multicol-table-wrap" style="margin: 0px -15px;">
<table class="wsite-multicol-table" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 830px;"><tbody class="wsite-multicol-tbody">
<tr class="wsite-multicol-tr"><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 178px;"><div class="paragraph">
Timber<br />
<br />
Terracotta<br />
Terrazzo<br />
Thatch</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 249px;"><div class="paragraph">
C16<br />
C24<br />
<br />
Paving<br />
Including battens</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 139px;"><div class="paragraph">
<br />
<br />
<br />
20 mm<br />
305 mm</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 144px;"><div class="paragraph">
3.6 kN/m3<br />
4.1 kN/m3<br />
18 kN/m3<br />
0.42<br />
0.45</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"><strong> W</strong></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<div class="wsite-multicol" style="direction: ltr; position: relative;">
<div class="wsite-multicol-table-wrap" style="margin: 0px -15px;">
<table class="wsite-multicol-table" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 830px;"><tbody class="wsite-multicol-tbody">
<tr class="wsite-multicol-tr"><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 178px;"><div class="paragraph">
Waffle slab<br />
Water<br />
Woodwool slabs</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 252px;"><div class="paragraph">
Standard moulds<br />
Fresh</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 135px;"><div class="paragraph">
325-525 mm</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 145px;"><div class="paragraph">
6.0-8.6<br />
10 kN/m3<br />
6 kN/m3</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: medium;"> <strong>Z</strong></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
<div class="wsite-multicol" style="direction: ltr; position: relative;">
<div class="wsite-multicol-table-wrap" style="margin: 0px -15px;">
<table class="wsite-multicol-table" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative; table-layout: fixed; width: 830px;"><tbody class="wsite-multicol-tbody">
<tr class="wsite-multicol-tr"><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 178px;"><div class="paragraph">
Zinc</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 252px;"><div class="paragraph">
Cast<br />
Longstrip roofing</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 134px;"><div class="paragraph">
<br />
0.8 mm</div>
</td><td class="wsite-multicol-col" style="border: 0px !important; margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 15px; vertical-align: top; width: 146px;"><div class="paragraph">
72 kN/m3<br />
0.06</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<br /></div>
<div class="paragraph">
<br /></div>
<div class="paragraph">
<br /></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="wsite-adsense" style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
</div>
<div style="font-size: 11.68px; line-height: 17.52px;">
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Main Post From </div>

Typical weights of building materials

Most common materials: Material Description Weight in kN/m2 U.N.O. Blockwork Brickwork Concrete Glass ...

DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE

1 Design, Engineer, ENGINEERING CODE, STEEL STRUCTURE 9:25 PM

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<a href="http://tinypic.com/?ref=5lq8mv" target="_blank"><img alt="Image and video hosting by TinyPic" border="0" height="112" src="http://i66.tinypic.com/5lq8mv.jpg" title="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">S<b style="color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;">tructural steel</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;">is</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 22.4px;">steel</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;">construction material, a</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 22.4px;">profile</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;">, formed with a specific</span><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 22.4px;">shape</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;">or</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 22.4px;">cross section</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;">and certain standards of</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: 22.4px;">chemical composition</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px;">and mechanical properties. Structural steel shape, size, composition, strength, storage, etc., is regulated in most industrialized countries.</span></span><br />
<div style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Structural steel members, such as <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">I</span><span style="color: #0b0080;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">-beams</span></span>, have high second moments of area, which allow them to be very stiff in respect to their cross-sectional area.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">If you have a steel structure book  then you can design any kind of steel structure.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;">
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">below i describe some book.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;">
<a href="https://userscloud.com/y0suv3rdcdcc" target="_blank"><img border="0" height="44" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbmhD9YA0NY-8EWQIJZLirxrpA7C67ZdtY_0MPy2PctFu7Fd72di4Kb_JmgzJOI1FyXrfL5hs2K5uhn50pIcC6q_VE_kckY1qbQOb9zbwTrjEa70CuNO88Ln1m-_RoXw2cuR1f9gx-4VVm/s200/52mnmu.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #252525; line-height: 22.4px; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0.5em;">
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">also for you describe some image of steel structure details</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQajOTzUWibR3NMRWOxBlfBA9ktc6w2drHO5UqaCr5x_mOma8ArnApdVbdck3KvOIztlRJJtov1OjIiiHZmNLoEWHMqn4-QF9ktpLkrHz2kJZCi4irRpk-NKECUbAhnBHMA0NCGCXt-AA/s1600/10591925-steel-designs.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQajOTzUWibR3NMRWOxBlfBA9ktc6w2drHO5UqaCr5x_mOma8ArnApdVbdck3KvOIztlRJJtov1OjIiiHZmNLoEWHMqn4-QF9ktpLkrHz2kJZCi4irRpk-NKECUbAhnBHMA0NCGCXt-AA/s1600/10591925-steel-designs.jpg" title="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcMWVdhh9pF-w5lrluAJ9xCP61wFn7qKkO4O0fl6qL6tHr-Ifb63ZERlO03dJBqpoXBNPraTxhCF2TBJH8LMgCBkzmWhZOX4ndZOsxMuPmybaEBsOb_LItpFp-uM52oW0M3eIS9oBQgjM/s1600/jbn_building_terminology_.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcMWVdhh9pF-w5lrluAJ9xCP61wFn7qKkO4O0fl6qL6tHr-Ifb63ZERlO03dJBqpoXBNPraTxhCF2TBJH8LMgCBkzmWhZOX4ndZOsxMuPmybaEBsOb_LItpFp-uM52oW0M3eIS9oBQgjM/s1600/jbn_building_terminology_.jpg" title="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ-26ljAFlzILoIm6IJWhITr3tnXNX9QYgUQ5frlxlqRFyGSpmOqz5qMk92js12TIe369CLLstOtZHIStIXQKFZvK4JL5o2LAdV3IFFCkZ-V3ZwZPckRrD77sLmAL6h-tLzSSAOyMGaBU/s1600/Steel-Structure-Building-Design-SSW-125-.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ-26ljAFlzILoIm6IJWhITr3tnXNX9QYgUQ5frlxlqRFyGSpmOqz5qMk92js12TIe369CLLstOtZHIStIXQKFZvK4JL5o2LAdV3IFFCkZ-V3ZwZPckRrD77sLmAL6h-tLzSSAOyMGaBU/s1600/Steel-Structure-Building-Design-SSW-125-.jpg" title="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL3usaqIxj5gqE_PYp_B2iPWJ8WOwbx7S17H6bLABWFqML1jp6Nr16vVVjTuIXlxy05LMGBcI_l0qgMGbNTvhJ8ThE5ArGbHp0gBB68Yli1cjvowo1j6EdXl8Qhfbm8DGRpa4PiNiWFx4/s1600/Strong_Steel_Structure_Design.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL3usaqIxj5gqE_PYp_B2iPWJ8WOwbx7S17H6bLABWFqML1jp6Nr16vVVjTuIXlxy05LMGBcI_l0qgMGbNTvhJ8ThE5ArGbHp0gBB68Yli1cjvowo1j6EdXl8Qhfbm8DGRpa4PiNiWFx4/s1600/Strong_Steel_Structure_Design.jpg" title="DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE" /></a></div>
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DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS PURLIN STRUCTURE

S tructural steel is steel construction material, a profile , formed with a specific shape or cross section and certain stan...

Download IS 875 part 1 2 3 Is 456.2000 PDF Free

0 Engineer, ENGINEERING CODE 12:28 AM

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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">The <b>Bureau of Indian Standards</b> (<b>BIS</b>) is the national Standards Body of India working under the aegis of <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution</span>, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Government of India</span>. It is established by the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 which came into effect on 23 December 1986. The Minister in charge of the Ministry or Department having administrative control of the BIS is the ex-officio President of the BIS.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">The organization was formerly the <b>Indian Standards Institution</b> (<b>ISI</b>), set up under the Resolution of the then Department of Industries and Supplies No. 1 Std.(4)/45, dated 3 September 1946. The ISI was registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "trebuchet ms" , sans-serif;">As a corporate body, it has 25 members drawn from Central or State Governments, industry, scientific and research institutions, and consumer organizations. Its headquarters are in <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">New Delhi</span>, with regional offices in <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Kolkata</span>, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Chennai</span>, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Mumbai</span>, <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Chandigarh</span> and <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">Delhi</span>and 20 branch offices. It also works as <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial;">WTO-TBT</span> enquiry point for India.</span><br />
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The Bureau of Indian Standards ( BIS ) is the national Standards Body of India working under the aegis of Ministry of Consumer ...

Download ACI 360R-10 Guide to Design of Slabs-on-Ground Pdf

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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: small;">This guide presents information on the design of slabs-on-ground, primarily industrial floors. It addresses the planning, design, and detailing of slabs. Background information on design theories is followed by discussion of the types of slabs, soil-support systems, loadings, and jointing. Design methods are given for unreinforced concrete, reinforced concrete, shrinkage-compensating concrete, post-tensioned concrete, fiber-reinforced concrete slabs-on-ground, and slabs-on-ground in refrigerated buildings, followed by information on shrinkage and curling.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Advantages and disadvantages of these slab design methods are provided, including the ability of some slab designs to minimize cracking and curling more than others. Even with the best slab designs and proper construction, it is unrealistic to expect crack-free and curl-free floors. Every owner should be advised by the designer and contractor that it is normal to expect some cracking and curling on every project. This does not necessarily reflect adversely on the adequacy of the floor’s design or quality of construction. Design examples are given.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Keywords: curling; design; floors-on-ground; grade floors; industrial floors; joints; load types; post-tensioned concrete; reinforcement (steel, fibers); shrinkage; shrinkage-compensating; slabs; slabs-on-ground; soil mechanics; warping.</span><br />
<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Download link last of this post</span><br />
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-weight: normal;">Also you like <a href="http://www.bondua.com/2015/03/download-aci-code-318-14-pdf.html" target="_blank">ACI 318-05,08,14 free pdf download</a></span></h3>
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<section class="top-border med" id="product-document-details" style="background-color: white; border-top-color: rgb(28, 28, 28); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 19px; margin: 20px 0px 0px; padding: 20px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1c1c1c; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.35; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-weight: normal;">DOCUMENT DETAILS</span></h3>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Author: ACI Committee 360</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Publication Year: 2010</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Pages: 72</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">ISBN: 9780870313714</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Categories: Slabs</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Formats: Printed Document or Protected PDF</span></div>
</section><section class="top-border med" id="product-table-of-contents" style="background-color: white; border-top-color: rgb(28, 28, 28); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-stretch: inherit; margin: 20px 0px 0px; padding: 20px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 style="border-image-outset: initial; border-image-repeat: initial; border-image-slice: initial; border-image-source: initial; border-image-width: initial; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1c1c1c; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: 1.5px; line-height: 1.35; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-weight: normal;">TABLE OF CONTENTS</span></h3>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1.1—Purpose and scope</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1.2—Work of ACI Committee 360 and other relevant committees</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1.3—Work of non-ACI organizations</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1.4—Design theories for slabs-on-ground</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1.5—Construction document information</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">1.6—Further research</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 2—Definitions</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">2.1—Definitions</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 3—Slab types</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">3.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">3.2—Slab types</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">3.3—General comparison of slab types</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">3.4—Design and construction variables</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">3.5—Conclusion</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 4—Soil support systems for slabs-on-ground</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4.2—Geotechnical engineering reports</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4.3—Subgrade classification</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4.4—Modulus of subgrade reaction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4.5—Design of slab-support system</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4.6—Site preparation</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4.7—Inspection and site testing of slab support</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">4.8—Special slab-on-ground support problems</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 5—Loads</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.2—Vehicular loads</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.3—Concentrated loads</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.4—Distributed loads</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.5—Line and strip loads</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.6—Unusual loads</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.7—Construction loads</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.8—Environmental factors</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">5.9—Factors of safety</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 6—Joints</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">6.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">6.2—Load-transfer mechanisms</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">6.3—Sawcut contraction joints</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">6.4—Joint protection</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">6.5—Joint filling and sealing</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 7—Design of unreinforced concrete slabs</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">7.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">7.2—Thickness design methods</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">7.3—Shear transfer at joints</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">7.4—Maximum joint spacing</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 8—Design of slabs reinforced for crack-width control</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">8.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">8.2—Thickness design methods</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">8.3—Reinforcement for crack-width control only</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 9—Design of shrinkage-compensating concrete slabs</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">9.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">9.2—Thickness determination</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">9.3—Reinforcement</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">9.4—Other considerations</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 10—Design of post-tensioned slabs-on-ground</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">10.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">10.2—Applicable design procedures</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">10.3—Slabs post-tensioned for crack control</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">10.4—Industrial slabs with post-tensioned reinforcement for structural support</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 11—Fiber-reinforced concrete slabs-on-ground</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">11.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">11.2—Synthetic fiber reinforcement</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">11.3—Steel fiber reinforcement</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 12—Structural slabs-on-ground supporting building code loads</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">12.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">12.2—Design considerations</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 13—Design of slabs for refrigerated facilities</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">13.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">13.2—Design and specification considerations</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">13.3—Temperature drawdown</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 14—Reducing effects of slab shrinkage and curling</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.2—Drying and thermal shrinkage</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.3—Curling and warping</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.4—Factors that affect shrinkage and curling</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.5—Compressive strength and shrinkage</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.6—Compressive strength and abrasion resistance</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.7—Removing restraints to shrinkage</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.8—Base and vapor retarders/barriers</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.9—Distributed reinforcement to reduce curling and number of joints</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.10—Thickened edges to reduce curling</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.11—Relation between curing and curling</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.12—Warping stresses in relation to joint spacing</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.13—Warping stresses and deformation</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.14—Effect of eliminating sawcut contraction joints with post-tensioning or shrinkage-compensating concrete</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">14.15—Summary and conclusions</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chapter 15—References</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">15.1—Referenced standards and reports</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">15.2—Cited references</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Appendix 1—Design examples using Portland Cement Association method</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A1.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A1.2—The PCA thickness design for single-axle load</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A1.3—The PCA thickness design for slab with post loading</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A1.4—Other PCA design information</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Appendix 2—Slab thickness design by Wire Reinforcement Institute method</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A2.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A2.2—The WRI thickness selection for single-axle wheel load</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A2.3—The WRI thickness selection for aisle moment due to uniform loading</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Appendix 3—Design examples using Corps of Engineers’ charts</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A3.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A3.2—Vehicle wheel loading</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A3.3—Heavy lift truck loading</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Appendix 4—Slab design using post-tensioning</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A4.1—Design example: Post-tensioning to minimize cracking</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A4.2—Design example: Equivalent tensile stress design</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Appendix 5—Design example using shrinkagecompensating concrete</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A5.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A5.2—Example selecting the optimum amount of reinforcement to maximize the compressive stress in the</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">concrete where the slab thickness, the joint spacing, and prism expansion are known</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Appendix 6—Design examples for steel FRC slabs-on- ground using yield line method</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A6.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A6.2—Assumptions and design criteria</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Appendix 7—Construction document information</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A7.1—Introduction</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A7.2—Example design criteria</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A7.3—Typical details</span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Conversion factors</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #444444; line-height: 19px;"><a href="https://userscloud.com/uhh2v2evf8u3" target="_blank" title="Download ACI 360R-10 Guide to Design of Slabs-on-Ground Pdf"><b>Download ACI 360R-10 </b></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Help From <a href="http://adf.ly/8628501/www.concrete.org" target="_blank">ACI.org</a> </span></div>
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This guide presents information on the design of slabs-on-ground, primarily industrial floors. It addresses the planning, design, and ...

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